The Pentagon Nine · Pentagon 08

Charlotte Louise Berry Winters

🇺🇸United States

U.S. Naval Reserve · Yeoman (F)

Charlotte Winters was the last known Navy Yeoman (F) and was believed to be the last surviving American woman veteran of the First World War.

Portrait of Charlotte Louise Berry Winters by David J. DeJonge
Photograph by David J. DeJonge · From the Last Witnesses portrait record
Collection
The Pentagon Nine
Service nation
United States
Service
U.S. Naval Reserve · Yeoman (F)

The verified story

A life carried forward in the record.

Charlotte Louise Berry Winters was born in Washington, D.C., on November 10, 1897. A graduate of Washington Business High School, she belonged to the first generation of American women permitted to enlist in the Navy. As a Yeoman (F), she served as a clerk at the Naval Gun Factory in the Washington Navy Yard, holding military status and receiving rank-based pay.

By the time DeJonge reached Winters, age had narrowed what she could recount directly, so her niece helped preserve the larger family record. Winters still remembered women in uniform marching along the National Mall before crowds during the war. Family testimony also placed Charlotte and her sister Sophie in an early conversation with Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels about women’s usefulness to the service. The meeting belongs in the story as family recollection, not as proof that they caused the Navy’s policy change.

Winters’s contribution continued after demobilization. In 1919 she helped organize the Betsy Ross Post No. 1 for former Yeomen (F); the group later became associated with the American Legion as USS Jacob Jones Post No. 2. She remained an American Legion member for decades and served as a leader in the national Yeoman (F) veterans organization. She also continued working for the Navy as a civilian until 1953.

DeJonge’s portrait gives public form to a service history that was often treated as administrative and therefore overlooked: a woman in uniform at the moment the Navy first opened enlisted ranks to women.

The completed record

What followed.

Winters died on March 27, 2007, at 109. Naval records identify her as the last known Navy Yeoman (F) and describe her as the believed last surviving American woman veteran of the First World War. That wording should remain national rather than worldwide; women who served with British forces lived longer. Winters was buried with Navy honors, and DeJonge’s portrait received further posthumous recognition when it became the sole woman’s image in the Pentagon Nine installation unveiled in 2008.

The archive · c. 2009–2010

David’s original exhibition story.

This text is preserved from the original traveling-exhibition record. It retains the language, grammar, and understanding of that moment. Dates, survivor distinctions, and later developments are corrected in the verified record above.

Original exhibition story panel for Charlotte Louise Berry Winters
Original exhibition panel by David J. DeJonge · Select to view at full web resolution
Read the complete original text

Charlotte Louise Berry Winters holds a unique title as America’s last female veteran of World War One, Charlotte Winters was born November 10, 1897. She was one of the subjects whose lives incredibly spanned three centuries.

Charlotte and her sister joined and were Yeoman. A Yeoman was the nickname given to women in the Navy because the only rank they could achieve was Yeoman. Over 11,000 women joined during the war however, within one year of the wars end most of the women were released from service.

By the time Charlotte was reached for this project, this National gems age had taken its tole on her and she could recall very little from her experience in the war. Fortunately, she had spoke in great detail about it to her niece who shared an extensive amount of fascinating points. Early in 1917 Charlotte and her sister Sophie had a meeting with Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to discuss how valuable women could be to the Navy. According to Charlotte while the initial meeting seemed to have gone know where shortly after the meeting Secretary Daniels allowed women to join the Navy.

Ultimately during World War One the United States Navy allowed women to enlist in non-combat roles only. Which included: secretarial positions. However many served as translators, fingerprint experts, draftsmen and ship camouflage designers and as recruiters.

Having graduated in 1915 from the Washington Business High School her secretarial skills came in to use at the Navy gun factory also known as the Navy Yard in Washington DC. Often during the war the Yeomanettes were on parade along the National Mall in Washington DC. This was one of the vivid memories that when asked she recalled marching on the National Mall in and the crowds that gathered to watch in the midst of the war.

In June of 1919 Charlotte with a group of fellow Yeoman (F) organized a club called the Betsy Ross Post #1 a service organization for Yeomanettes. Shortly after the group of volunteers also heard of a group of men doing something similar, Charlotte and the others merged with the men and formed the American Legion. The Betsy Ross Post changed its name to U.S.S. Jacob Jones Post 2. Charlotte was a member of the American Legion for 88 years.

In 1947 she married John F. Winters and worked for the Navy as a civilian until 1953.

Documented record

Sources.