The Pentagon Nine · Pentagon 05

Harry Richard Landis

🇺🇸United States

U.S. Army · Student Army Training Corps

Harry Landis was one of the final two known U.S. First World War veterans; his death left Frank Buckles as the sole survivor, though Landis himself never deployed or saw combat.

Portrait of Harry Richard Landis by David J. DeJonge
Photograph by David J. DeJonge · From the Last Witnesses portrait record
Collection
The Pentagon Nine
Service nation
United States
Service
U.S. Army · Student Army Training Corps

The verified story

A life carried forward in the record.

Harry Richard Landis was born December 12, 1899, in Marion County, Missouri, and grew up in a farming family. He remembered first learning about the distant European war in Sunday school, when his teacher read news of the sinking of the Lusitania. By 1918, Landis was eligible to take his own small place in that history.

He entered the U.S. Army through the Student Army Training Corps while attending college in Missouri. The war had consumed matériel so rapidly that the new trainees initially drilled in civilian clothing and did not have weapons. “The first thing I got was an Army overcoat,” he later recalled. Landis never completed training and never went overseas. Instead, the influenza pandemic shaped his service. He worked in a makeshift infirmary in a college dormitory, cleaning after sick soldiers as the epidemic moved through the country.

The Armistice arrived after roughly two months. Landis remembered soldiers piling into a car and circling the town square, sounding the horn in celebration. He liked to joke that the Kaiser had heard he was there and quit. DeJonge’s portrait respects the humor while keeping the scale honest: this was not a combat story. It was the experience of a young American pulled briefly into a mobilized nation, then carried by extraordinary longevity until only two known U.S. veterans remained. The ordinary training camp had become historical ground simply because its witness endured.

The completed record

What followed.

Landis died on February 4, 2008, at 108, leaving Frank Buckles as the sole surviving known U.S. veteran of the First World War. Landis had entered the Student Army Training Corps late in 1918, remained stateside, and did not see combat. His death came only a month before the Pentagon ceremony, making his portrait a posthumous presence in the permanent nine-image installation. The correct historical marker for his discharge is the November 1918 Armistice, not the later Treaty of Versailles.

The archive · c. 2009–2010

David’s original exhibition story.

This text is preserved from the original traveling-exhibition record. It retains the language, grammar, and understanding of that moment. Dates, survivor distinctions, and later developments are corrected in the verified record above.

Original exhibition story panel for Harry Richard Landis
Original exhibition panel by David J. DeJonge · Select to view at full web resolution
Read the complete original text

Harry Richard Landis was born in 1899 in Marion County, Missouri. He grew up on the family farm in a family of 8 brothers and sisters. Landis learned about the war while in Sunday school. His teacher picked up a paper and told the class about the sinking of the Lusitania.

In 1915 Germany announced that it would now begin Handelskrieg or trade warfare and allow its submarines to sink merchant ships. This decision directly conflicted with international law. The German U-boats sent a million tons of shipping to the bottom of the ocean in 1915 and lost only 17 of their submarines. On May 7th the Lusitania was sunk killing 128 American citizens. This led to the US entering the war and the German suspension of their U-boat campaign.

After the war started an 18-year-old Harry Richard Landis enlisted in the United States Army. Harry was working on a farm in a remote area and his family did not receive mail at their home. One day he received a letter saying that he could enlist so he did to take advantage of the SATC or Student Army Training Corps. Do to the immense need for weapons over seas Harry never handled a real weapon during his service. “We never had uniforms, we drilled in our own civilian clothes for a while. The first thing I got was an Army overcoat.”

At 108 Mr. Landis was in the unique club of living in three centuries. In addition to training for action Harry had duties in working in the makeshift hospital. At this time the Spanish flu was spreading across the world. In 1918 the Spanish flu pandemic was sweeping the world causing more deaths than World War One. Estimates say that between 20 and 40 million people died from the pandemic. Harry’s job was mopping up after the other soldiers at the infirmary or makeshift sickbay at the college dorm.

When the war ended several of the soldiers from the program jumped in a car and rode around the town square honking the horn. Serving only 60 days Harry joked about “the Kaiser heard I was here so he quit.” Also being from Missouri, Landis never left his hometown for his service to his Nation. Yet he was the second to last WWI veteran in the United States of America.

Harry was married to his 100-year-old wife when he died in Sun City, Florida near Tampa. He never took any medicine simply vitamins.

Documented record

Sources.